Vitamin D - 1033 Words

Vitamin D is an important micronutrient that is involved in the metabolism of calcium and phosphorous, and helps establish strong bone health (1). Recent studies have shown promising results of supplementing vitamin D to pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Despite advances in medicine and health GDM is still prevalent among pregnant women, resulting in possible complications to pregnancy such as, fetal distress, preterm delivery, low birth weight, as well as risk of type 2 diabetes to the mother (1). Research links vitamin D receptor (VDR), which is also found in islet beta cells, to insulin secretion, thus possibly helping manage GDM (1). A recent study was conducted to further evaluate various doses of vitamin D and†¦show more content†¦The sample size was a bit small considering the general population of GDM, a more comprehensive population would range into the thousands, but this sample size was a good starting point for further research. Group one w as the control group and received the placebo, group two received a low dose of 200 IU of Vitamin D daily, group three received a medium dose of 50,000 IU of vitamin D within a month, and group four received a total of 10,000 IU within a month (1). Administration of vitamin D supplementation occurred between 24-28 weeks of pregnancy and continued until delivery, and a follow up examination occurred once a month (1). The research team also measured the participants’ dietary intake to ensure they had similar diets to ensure diets did not interfere with the results (1). Fasting plasma glucose, serum insulin, insulin resistance, total cholesterol change, and triglyceride levels were all measured with commercial ELISA kits (1). The oral glucose tolerance test is used as the gold standard for measuring the efficiency in glucose metabolism (4). This current study chose to do A1c ELISA kits for efficiency as the oral glucose tolerance test takes several hours to complete (1). Althoug h, A1c is not the gold standard it still considered accurateShow MoreRelatedVitamin D And Calcium.vitamin D Essay781 Words   |  4 Pages Bone Health, Calcium and Vitamin D My research of the vitamin or mineral will be based on vitamin D and Calcium.Vitamin D is a fat-soluble vitamin, which means it is stored in the body’s fatty tissue, normally is obtained through exposure to sunlight, which triggers vitamin D production in the skin is found naturally in very few foods but in the United States, it is routinely added to milk and infant formula. Other right food sources are egg yolks and some types ofRead MoreThe Sunshine Vitamin or Vitamin D Essay946 Words   |  4 Pages+Vitamin D and hair growth are inextricably linked, according to research. Vitamin D, otherwise known as the sunshine vitamin, is composed of a group of fat-soluble compounds that mainly shapes the development and sustenance of bone health. It primarily regulates the gastric absorption of magnesium, calcium, zinc and other minerals that fortify bone density, strength and structure. +Recent studies have mapped out the connection between vitamin D deficiency and diseases of the skin, heart and prematureRead MoreVitamin D Deficiency852 Words   |  3 PagesBackground: Vitamin D deficiency is widely prevalent in the world. Several lines of evidence support a relation between seasonal variations in serum vitamin D and higher relapse rates in MS patients in winter. Objective: To examine whether levels of vitamin D are associated with multiple sclerosis relapse. Methods: In this study 60 patients in relapse and 60 patients in remission matched controls were included. Results: patients in relapse had significantly lower 25(OH) D levels than 60 patientsRead MoreThe Importance of Vitamin D Essay1173 Words   |  5 PagesGetting some sun is essential to human health despite the risks of the skin cancer. There is much more benefits that come with the exposure to the sun than harm. Vitamin D that our body produces when we are exposed to the sun is very efficient in curing so many diseases. It protects from arthritis, diabetes, infectious diseases, multiple sclerosis and some kinds of cancer, just to name a few. It has been proven that the Earth’s atmosphere blocks 98.7 percent of the sun’s UV rays. The other 2.3Read MoreVitamin D and Nutritional Rickets1742 Words   |  7 PagesRICKETS For Scientific Principles and Health and Disease By: Mackenzie Gray 112-69-7540 April 7, 2010 Rickets is a disease that deals with a deficiency with Vitamin D. Vitamin D is important by controlling calcium and phosphate levels. If the blood levels of these minerals become too low, the body may produce hormones that cause calcium and phosphate to be released from the bones eventually this leads to weak and soft bones. (2) Throughout this paper we will go over a varietyRead MoreVitamin D and Athletic Performance Essay1486 Words   |  6 Pageswithin the body and from that how they can influence the body’s ability to perform while under duress. An example of such would be the stress of athletic performance. Vitamin D, which is also referred to as cholecalciferol, is one of the fat soluble vitamins that have been attributed to influencing athletic performance. However, vitamin D is not as much a â€Å"performance enhancing† nutrient in the sense that when taken in higher amounts it will aid athletic performance, but rather when in deficient amountsRead MoreThe Tru th about Vitamin D Deficiency Essay1642 Words   |  7 PagesVitamin D deficiency: In the event that you avoid the sun, experience the ill effects of milk anaphylaxes, or stick to a strict veggie lover diet, you may be at danger for vitamin D inadequacy. Known as the daylight vitamin, vitamin D is transformed by the body because of daylight. It is additionally happens characteristically in a couple of sustenance’s including some fish, fish liver oils, and egg yolks - and in sustained dairy and grain items. Vitamin D is key for solid bones on the groundsRead MoreHow Does Vitamin D Improves The Plyometric Performance878 Words   |  4 PagesResearch Question: Does Vitamin D improves the plyometric performance in young basketball athletes? Part 1 A fat-soluble vitamin D is an essential vitamin which works as precursor steroid in biological and metabolic processes happening in human body (1). Deficiency of Vitamin D has shown a verity of adverse psychological, skeletal and muscular health issues (2). Vitamin D deficiency rate has been increased remarkably from year 1994 to 2004. There are many factors responsible for this like sunRead MoreSupply Cost Of Producing Vitamin D And Act As A Monopolist1114 Words   |  5 Pagesaccompanying table shows the demand schedule for Vitamin D. Suppose the marginal cost of producing Vitamin D is zero†¨ 2. Price of Vitamin D 3. Quantity of Vitamin D 4. $8 5. 0 6. $7 7. 10 8. $6 9. 20 10. $5 11. 30 12. $4 13. 40 14. $3 15. 50 16. $2 17. 60 18. $1 19. 70 20. †¨ a) Suppose that company A is the only producer of Vitamin D and act as a monopolist. Suppose the company produces 40 units of Vitamin D at $4/unit. If the company decides to produceRead MoreVitamin D Deficiency: A Major Cause of Concern in Ireland 2707 Words   |  11 PagesYes, Vitamin D deficiency has indeed become a major cause of concern in Ireland as it has recently been highlighted that most Irish people are deficient in this essential vitamin. According to the Irish Osteoporosis society 74% of Irish adults and 88% of Irish primary school children, have less than half of the recommended daily amount of vitamin D. As well as bone health problems deficiency has recently shown cause cancers, diabetes and cardiovascular disease (CVD). This can be defined as a major

Rothaermel Case Matrix Essays - 1955 Words

Chapter Case Book Page Number Primary Secondary Primary Industry Company Robin Hood and His Merry Men Subdivision/ Subsidiary of Protagonist Sector NAICS Code N/A Robin Hood â€Å"Finance† and â€Å"Redistribution† N/A N/A Strategic analyst N/A Strategic analyst 1 Robin Hood C1 1,2 3,4,11,12 2 The Movie Industry (A) in 2008 C3 1,3 5,6,7 3 The Movie Industry (B) in 2011 C11 1,3 5,6,7 C18 5,6 2,3,4,12 Better World Books N/A David Murphy, CEO C32 3,7 2,6,10,12 Tesla Motors N/A C50 2,5 9,11,12 Tesla Motors C56 4,8 3,5,6,11 C72 2,7 C87 4 5 6 7 8 9 Better World Books: Social Entrepreneurship and the Triple Bottom Line* Tesla Motors and the U.S. Auto Industry: Case A* Tesla Motors and the U.S. Auto†¦show more content†¦vice N/A Courier services 492110 27 Genentech: After the Acquisition by Roche* C415 7,9 3,4,8,11 Genentech Roche 28 Corporate Governance in Three Economies: Germany, Japan, and the United States C441 10,12 1,3,11 N/A N/A 29 United Technologies Corporation: Running a Global Ethics and Compliance Program C447 11,12 3,9,10 United Technologies Corporation 30 Apple after Steve Jobs* C455 7,12 2,4,6,11 Apple Robin Page, Chief Strategy Officer Richard Scheller, Executive VP X X X X X USA/India Medium Mexico X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Y (INFY) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X Brazil Medium Y (ERJ) USA/India Large Y (UPS) N/A Pat Gnazzo, VP of Business Practices Engine and engine parts manufacturing 336412 X N/A Steven Jobs, CEO and executive team Computer hardware and equipment 334111 X X Germany/ Japan/USA N/A N/A USA Large Y (UTX) USA Large Y (AAPL) X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X X No X X X X X Large X X XShow MoreRelatedThe Organizational Structure Of General Electric ( Ge ) Essay1029 Words   |  5 Pageswhich deals in industries like aviation, oil and gas, power and water, health care and capital, to mention a few. The company has a matrix organizational structure, which is characterized by the organization of the company according to multiple metrics. In the case of GE, the structure is matrix in that it combines a functional structure and a divisional structure (Rothaermel, 2015), as illustrated by the GE organizational chart (n.d.). Noteworthy, in an increasingly integrated world, the clash of culturesRead MoreMerck Case Study Essay6943 Words   |  28 Pagesï » ¿Merck Co. Executive Summary Case Study Goal The goal of this case study is to examine the current operations of Merck Co. Inc. and determine areas of potential concern, evaluate the effectiveness of the current business model, and propose a plan of action to grow Merck Co. Inc. to be the largest pharmaceutical company in the world. Methods of Analysis This case study will strive to identify areas of concern and opportunity, offer solutions, and make projections based upon historic dataRead MoreEssay on IBM Case Study Group 3 2 draft11270 Words   |  46 Pagesï » ¿ IBM Case Study Liberty University Christopher Eze, Karen Goosen, Myletta Lacey, and Katie Savage IBM Case Study Executive Summary International Business Machines Corporation has been an innovative technological company for more than 70 years. At IBM, employees take pride in enabling the world and customers to live in a smarter planet with smarter commerce, smarter computing, and smarter cities. IBM offers many different business and computing offerings in order to meet its customer’s needsRead MoreCompetitive Advantage For Private Sector And Public Sector3598 Words   |  15 PagesValuable: 5 †¢ Rare: 5 †¢ Inimitable: 5 †¢ Non-substitutable: 5 1.5) John Kay (1995) Model: 5 2) Hyper Competition in Business: 6 3) Corporate Strategy: 6 3.1) Dell’s Corporate Strategy: 7 3.2) Strategy of Adidas: 7 4) Corporate Parenting: 9 5) Ansoff Growth Matrix: 9 6) Conclusion: 10 References 12 Appendices 14 Appendices (A): 14 Appendices (B): 14 Appendices (C): 15 Appendices (D): 15 Appendices (E): 16 â€Æ' 1) Competitive Advantage: Competitive advantage is supremacy gained by a company and is an invisibleRead More06Student 1As Shown In The Chapter16447 Words   |  66 Pages06 Student: ___________________________________________________________________________ 1. As shown in the Chapter 6 opening case, Whole Foods Market had to seek new strategic initiatives such as enhancing its differentiated appeal and improving its cost structure because it was losing its competitive advantage. True False 2. A firms business-level strategy answers the question Where should we compete? True False 3. The goal of a strategic position is to create the largest gap possible betweenRead MoreMarks And Spencer As An M S4482 Words   |  18 Pageshigh sustainable. This is because it can enjoy stable market performance notwithstanding the competition levels. Again, the possibility for internationalisation and wide market segmentation may lead to widening of the market share for MS. In this case render it sustainable within its market presence because of growing sales and overall demand for its products. The other model to be discussed is resource-based view (RBV). RBV perceives resources as central to superior firm performance (StrategicRead MoreMarks And Spencer As An M S4482 Words   |  18 Pageshigh sustainable. This is because it can enjoy stable market performance notwithstanding the competition levels. Again, the possibility for internationalisation and wide market segmentation may lead to widening of the market share for MS. In this case render it sustainable within its market presence because of growing sales and overall demand for its products. The other model to be discussed is resource-based view (RBV). RBV perceives resources as central to superior firm performance (StrategicRead MoreStrategy Management18281 Words   |  74 PagesConfirming Pages Strategic Management CONCEPTS CASES FRANK T. ROTHAERMEL Georgia Institute of Technology rot12737_fm_i-xlvi.indd iii 17/11/11 7:37 PM Confirming Pages STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT: CONCEPTS AND CASES Published by McGraw-Hill/Irwin, a business unit of The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc., 1221 Avenue of the Americas, New York, NY, 10020. Copyright  © 2013 by The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. No part of this publicationRead MoreExternal Environment Affecting The Mcs At Wal Mart3502 Words   |  15 Pagescentury is regarded as the era of litigation over the super retailer Wal-Mart (Brunn 2007). In the America public record, searching for Wal-Mart as a party in a lawsuit produced 3,034 reported cases, and a great amount of these lawsuits are related to its relationship with employees. The range of employment-based cases includes race and gender discrimination, unjust termination, compensation and minimum wages. Although as the largest corporate retailer in America, Wal-Mart’s size, strength and long-termRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages4] 10.3.3.1 Lessons lear ned [8.3.3.4] 9.4.2.2 Individual performance appraisals Chapter 7 Managing Risk Chapter 15 Chapter 16 International Projects Oversight 11.1 Risk management process [F.8] 11.2 Identifying risks 11.3.2.2 Impact matrix 11.4 Risk assessment 11.5 Risk responses (.2–.1.2) 11.6 Risk register 7.1.2.5 PERT analysis 7.1.2.6.3 Contingency reserves 7.3.3.4 Change control management G.7 Culture awareness 1.4.4 Project offices 8.1.2 Continuous improvement 5.1 Requirements

Mahatma Gandhi-An Inspiring Leader-

Question: How Ahmed is influenced by the leader Gandhi. Ahmed is working as a professor or dean and how Gandhi did change his life. Answer: Introduction Mahatma Gandhi led the Indian independence movement with his nonviolence principles and protests. Gandhi used polite words to encourage people to act non-violently during protests against the British government. Throughout his life, Gandhi demonstrated various qualities of a good leader; many leaders implemented these traits into their own leadership style. Other than movements led by him in South Africa and India, many political leaders have used his principle while leading their own independence movements, such as Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King Jr. This report will analyze the life, achievements, and legacy of Mahatma Gandhi and evaluate them to understand his leadership style. The report will focus on examine and understanding the characteristics of Mahatma Gandhis leadership style. Further, the report will include an interview with Mr. Mohammad to understand his views on Gandhis leadership style. A reflection of the interview will also be included in the report. Mahatma Gandhis Life, achievements, and Legacy Mohandas Karamchand Gandhi or commonly known as Mahatma Gandhi was an Indian lawyer and leader of Indias independence movement. He was born on 2nd October 1869 in Porbandar which is a small city in Gujarat, India (Radhakrishnan, 2015. During his childhood, he was influenced by the stories of King Harish Chandra, an honest leader, who never lied to his followers. Gandhi admitted in his biography that King Harish Chandra had a significant impact on his life that reflected in his leadership as well. Gandhi wanted to study medicine, but his father forced him to study law instead (Hardiman, 2003). After his marriage and completion of high school, Gandhi went to England in September 1988 for further studies. He completed his studies in 1891 and returned back to India to start independent advocacy in Rajkot, Gujarat (Iyer, 2000). South Africa In the year 1893, a Muslim firm offered Gandhi to represent them in Pretoria, South Africa; Gandhi accepted the offer and went to South Africa (Ackerman DuVall, 2000). There he faced several incidents of racial discrimination, for example, he was thrown out of the first class section of a train due to his colour and asked to remove his turban in public area (Khoshoo, 2002). These incidents made him realized about the racial discrimination in Africa, and he decided to end such social prejudice. Gandhi was a spiritual man throughout his whole life; the circumstances in South Africa changed his point of view towards life, and he decided to help other people rather than continuing his advocacy (Shridharani, 2016). Gandhi decided to buy a farm in Natal and started living a simple life (Saravanamuthu, 2006). Gandhi developed the concept of Satyagraha during this period which is a method of protesting by nonviolence and disobedience (Johnson, 2005). He lived in South Africa for next 20 years and kept working to end social discrimination against Indians and lower class communities. He became more spiritual while living in Africa; he performed his daily chores along with people of low caste communities. He decided to become celibate to bring spiritual purity in his life. During this period, he developed the concept of Satyagraha. His movement against racial discrimination kept him in South Africa for 20 years (Prasad, 2015). Gandhi joined other Indians living in Pretoria, and together they started protesting against social discrimination laws (Parel, 2009). Disobedience and Nonviolence Protests After returning to India, Gandhi called a strike against the Rowlatt Acts of 1919, which allowed police to capture Indians without a jury. The protest was cancelled after the Amritsar Massacre; Gandhi responded by initiating a non-cooperation strike against British school, stores, and courts. He encouraged Indians to wear their own handmade clothes and boycott British products (Dalton, 2012). He also marched across the country to make people join in his nonviolence campaign against British government; the Dandi March was one of his most popular protests, it was against the tax levied by the British government on salt (Gregg, 2013). In 1947, Lord Mountbatten arrived in India to take British government back to England. On 15th August 1947, India celebrated its independence, but Gandhi did not join the celebration because he was upset due to India and Pakistan separation. He started fasting to end killing in Calcutta, and after the promises of both Hindu and Muslim leaders that no more killings will take place, he ended his fast. On January 30, 1948, while Gandhi was attending his prayers, 35 years old Nathuram Godse, editor of an extremist newspaper shot and killed him. Achievements The Satyagraha campaign in South Africa led to the implementation of Indian Relief Act 1914 which provided various rights to Indians living in Africa. The act helped in removal 3 tax levied on the Indians; it validated the customary marriages and recognised them by the law. Also the law also gave Indians right to move freely into the Transvaal. Most of the people in Africa were influenced by the leadership style of Gandhi, and even today most of them follow his principles (Steger, 2000). The first battle of civil disobedience won by Gandhi was in Champaran where British government was forcing farmers to grow indigo crops and sell them to the government at significantly low prices. In 1921, the Congress party which included various Indian nationalist leaders supported the nonviolent disobedience campaign which was a large success because it increased the number of people in independent movement (Chakrabarty, 2006). The Dandi March was a significant success because it popularised Gandhi and his principles across India, and after that, a large number of people started joining nonviolent movements. The protests and marches initiated by Gandhi bring Indians together against the British government. The boycott of British products decreased the revenue of government and also helped to end other discriminatory laws such as tax on salt and Rowlatt Act. The struggles of Gandhi assisted win in independence movement, and to end the British rule on India. Influence of Gandhi Gandhi taught the lessons of nonviolence to his followers and showed them the power of truth and nonviolence. Gandhis principles attracted a large number of people to join his movement to free India from British rule. The principles of Gandhi not only influenced many global leaders, but the same was also reflected in their leadership styles (Nanda, 2017). For example, Nelson Mandela was considered as the Gandhi of South Africa, and he incorporated his principles during his own protests. Mandela called Gandhi his role model and political guru and the first thing he decided after his 27 years of imprisonment was to visit India. At the Gandhi memorial, Mandala stated that Mahatma Gandhi continues to be a significant and integral part of our history (Hasan, 2013). According to Mandala, his character included charismatic firmness which was focused on the pursuit of justice; he developed the method of Satyagraha as a philosophy to struggle against the wrong in society. Mandala was most influenced by the fact that Gandhi never ruled in his life and he used nonviolence methods to accomplish great results. The principles of Gandhi had also influenced the leadership style of Martin Luther King Jr.; he visited India for a month where he learned about the nonviolence struggle of justice lead by Mahatma Gandhi (Rao, 2013). Both African and Indian shared common values since both have faced racial discrimination from white people. King was impressed by the principles of Gandhi and during his civil right speech he used soul force which was influenced by the Satyagraha movement created by Gandhi. The principles of Gandhi had a significant impact over other famous individuals and leaders including Barak Obama, Aung San Suu Kyi, HH Dalai Lama, John Lennon, Albert Einstein, Steve Jobs and Will Durant (Malhotra, 2015). The nonviolence protests ended the British rule in India, and it improved lives of many Indian citizens. Even after his death, Gandhis moral values continued to be alive in peoples minds. His principles have a significant impact on the world and many people implement his theories in their lives (Wolpert Wolpert, 2002). Mahatma Gandhis Leadership Style Leadership is defined as a procedure of influencing or motivating other people to act towards achieving a common objective. In other words, leadership is a relationship between leaders and followers based on influencing and bringing real changes for the achievement of shared purposes. Kirkpatick Locke (1991) provided specific traits that a leader needed to possess in order to become effective and motivate a large number of followers. The main traits of leadership include motivation, drive, self-confidence, honesty and integrity, knowledge of the business and cognitive ability. By implementing these traits in their leadership styles, leaders can establish a clear vision and implement effective plan to pursue their goals. Mahatma Gandhi was not a born leader; he adopted leadership traits because of the incidents and struggles he faced throughout his life (Jamaludin, Rahman, Makhbul Idris, 2011). Gandhi strongly believed in certain values including nonviolence, trust, justice, unity, equality, and honesty. While taking difficult leadership decisions, Gandhi used his values and personality to ensure that his decisions were right and ethical. He demonstrated several distinct leadership styles which include charismatic, transformational, and situational (De Vries, Bakker-Pieper Oostenveld, 2010). The charismatic leadership style emerged during the situations of crisis; the charismatic leaders are driven by their commitment towards a specific cause. In case of Gandhi, he had faced many difficulties throughout his lifetime, more specifically racial discrimination in Africa and Indias independence movement (Bligh Robinson, 2010). While visiting South Africa, Gandhi did not have the intention to protest against the racial discrimination, but the train incident made him realized the torture and unfairness faced by Indians and lower castes in Africa (Chua, 2017). Gandhi acted on his morals and started leading the protests; it showed that he was a situational leader. Situational leadership refers to when manager or leader adjust or change his style to appropriately fit the development level of his followers. A situational leader takes decisions as per the requirement of different situation; his personality and moral values enable him to take ethical actions in conflicting situation s. Indias independence crisis allowed Gandhi to show his leadership style and he helped millions of people (Rao, 2013). The leadership actions of Gandhi were extremely unconventional because he used truth, peaceful actions and nonviolence to lead protests against the British government. As provided by Kirkpatick Locke (1991), Gandhis method of protesting continues to be a good example of effective leadership because it included various traits such as honesty, integrity, self-confidence, and motivation. Like a good leader, Gandhi motivated his followers to implement honesty and integrity into their actions against the British government (Reilly Karounos, 2009). Gandhi was also driven towards his goals; he continuously fasted for twenty-one days in order to protest against the British government. The principles of King Harish Chandra learned by Gandhi in his childhood guided him while leading millions of Indians to freedom (Kaushik, 2017). Another quality of a successful leader includes self-sacrifice in order to achieve greater cause; Gandhi had made many sacrifices for protection of the rights of ot hers including lower caste communities (Lee, Berger, Awad, Brandt, Martinez, Brunicardi, 2008). For example, he stopped wearing western clothes and started wearing handmade Khadi cloths that he made himself. He also fasted for multiple days to protect the right of others. As per Goleman (2000), other than self-sacrifice, a good leader must be self-aware, emotionally intelligent, and socially knowledgeable. Gandhi possessed these qualities, and he demonstrated them throughout his lifetime, for example, he implemented his principles in his own life before asking others to follow them. According to Low (2010), a good leader understands his follower's requirements and assign them work as per their strengths and weaknesses, only a leader with self-awareness is able to effectively measure other people shortcomings and strengths. Hope is the willpower that people require to accomplish their goals; Gandhi was a hopeful person. He had the capacity to accept the reality, and he imagined a path for his followers to a better future. For instance, during his protest against Rowlatt Acts of 1919, Amritsar massacre happened, and he quickly decided to cancel the protest for the safety of people and started another protest of disobedience and boycott (Toor Ofori, 2008). He accepted his failure in the first attempt and learned from his mistakes; after that, he implemented such theories in future plans. While conducting his study on leadership, Collins (2001) researched 1,435 companies and selected 11 corporations from them which had shifted from good to great with the help of level 5 abilities of their leaders. A level 5 leadership style is a key aspect for the succes of an organization; the level 5 leadership style defines the traits of a leader which are necessary to achieve success in business operations. The level 5 leaders must have humility, and they must not be focused on self-interest. These leaders are the first one to accept blame for their own mistakes; Collins (2001) stated that often these leaders are shy, but they take decisions which other consider as risky. These traits were included in Mahatma Gandhis leadership style; he had strong will to work for others welfare. Taylor (2015) provided that Gandhi was shy from the beginning, but he took decisions which other people considered risky, for example he decided to fast till death and walked 240 miles motivate his followers. Whether transforming an organisation or leading independence movement, skills of transformation are necessary for leaders (Pyne, 2015). Kotter (1995) provided eight necessary steps which are necessary to be followed by a leader to effectively transform an organisation. These steps include a sense of urgency, powerful guidance, creating a vision, communication of vision, empowering others to act, planning and achieving small wins, consolidating improvements and initiating new approaches (Moore, 2011). These steps were included in the leadership style of Gandhi when he transformed the Indian independence movement into a national revolution. A transformational leadership require thorough knowledge of the subject; the leader assesses the change required and formulates plans as per such requirements. Gandhi told people regarding basic human rights and how the British government used illegal regulations to violet such rights (Malos, 2012). He created a sense of urgency in Indians that motivated them to join the independence movement. He established a clear vision of free India and communicated it with other Indians, and encouraged them to act on such vision non-violently (Marques, 2013). He planed and achieved small wins to motivate Indians such as boycott of British products. Gandhi was focused on combining Hindu and Muslims in Indian movement against the British government and he initiated new methods to accomplish his goals such as Dandi march, Satyagraha, disobedience and nonviolence protests (Sharma Jain, 2013). Gandhi was a situational leader, and his sacrifices and effective leadership style proved to be the spark which allowed millions of Indians to join the independence movement and ended British rule in India (Shepard, 2012). Interview Transcript Regarding Gandhis Leadership Style Following is an interview with Mr. Mohammad who is a dean in the Al Falah University. Interviewer: Hello sir, Good morning. How are you today? Mr. Mohammad: Good morning to you. I am fine. Thank you. Interviewer: Sir, I am currently making a report on Mahatma Gandhis leadership style, and I want your views on how it has influenced your leadership style. Would you be kind enough to provide your views on this topic based on your experiences? Mr. Mohammad: Yes, please. Mahatma Gandhi was a revolutionary who had a significant contribution in Indian independence movement. The initiative took by him such as disobedience, nonviolence protest, Satyagraha and Dandi march motivated a large number of Indians to join the independence movement and they protested against cruel regulations of the British government. I myself use many of his principles in my daily life to ensure proper management of my university. For example, while working with teachers and other staffs, I always maintain humility and accept my mistakes, it increased their trust in me, and they also respect my decisions. I follow and implement moral values in my life before motivating others to follow them in their lives. I forgive students for their small mistakes and teach them the importance of nonviolence. The university strictly prohibits bullying and discrimination on the campus. Interviewer: Sir what traits of Gandhi do you apply in your leadership style? Mr. Mohammad: Firstly I maintain a high level of honesty and integrity in organizations operations; each member is encouraged to tell the truth because it increases trust between individuals. I am also highly driven and motivated to achieve my objectives, and I encourage my colleagues to do the same. Gandhis peaceful nature had a positive influence on me and I try to implement it in my behavior. I am self-confidence and self-aware, and I do not blame others for my mistakes. I also maintain equality throughout the university and avoid any racial or gender discrimination between students and teachers. Gandhi was a situational leader, and in difficult situations, I try to make decisions based on his principles. Interviewer: Sir, how do you use Gandhis leadership style while teaching others regarding his principles? Mr. Mohammad: Instead of forcing others to follow the principles, I encourage them to research and understand the values given by Gandhi. We have shown documentary of Mahatma Gandhi to each class, along with teachers, and then asked students to write their personal views in a report on principles of Gandhi, which made them aware about Gandhis principles, and many students started to follow them in their lives as well. Interviewer: Sir what are your views on other leaders who were influenced by the principles of Gandhi? Mr. Mohammad: Yes, many popular leaders have implemented principles of Gandhi while leading their own movement and it is a good thing too because it promotes a culture of nonviolence and ethics in organisations. Nelson Mandela and Martin Luther King Jr. are obvious examples, both of these leaders were influenced by the nonviolence movement led by Gandhi, and they had implemented such principles during their own protests. But there are many other leaders as well which had successfully incorporated Mahatma Gandhis principles, for example, Steve Jobs was inspired by Gandhis principles; he decided Think Different as the slogan for Apple which is inspired by the quote of Gandhi - be the change you want in the world. Interviewer: Sir, how do you think modern organizations can implement Gandhis leadership style? Mr. Mohammad: I believe that implementing Gandhis leadership style can benefit corporations as well as society. The popularity of Corporate Social Responsibilities and new regulations regarding corporate disclosures are influence by principles such as honesty and integrity of the companies. These policies ensure that corporation is performing its duties with honesty and integrity, and its strategies are focused on maximising stakeholders value. The disclosures made by the companies provide evidence that corporations have a clear vision, and they are dedicated to work with high level of efficiency. Theses priciples assists in the development of society and sustainable growth of corporations. Interviewer: Sir how do you implement principles of Gandhi in your personal life? Mr. Mohammad: I have implemented various lessons of Gandhi in my life. For example, every morning I meditate and clear my head before going to the office; and I also do fasting regularly. I speak politely while talking to others and did not get frustrated or angry at their behaviour. While taking leadership decision in University, I respect low-level staff and ensure that university policies are fulfilling their interest. I stand for their right during the board of directors meetings and ensure that no discrimination or injustice is happening in the campus. Interviewer: Any final remarks Sir? Mr. Mohammad: Mahatma Gandhi was a revolutionary who led Indian independence movement through nonviolence actions. I believe everyone can implement his principle in their lives and remove social inequalities from the society. Lessons from the Interview Mr. Mohammad respects the principles of Gandhis leadership style and incorporates them in his personal and professional life. While dealing with students and teachers, he uses leadership traits of Gandhi such as honesty, integrity, non-violence, self-awareness, and humility. He maintains a positive environment in his university by restricting bullying and inequality. Mr. Mohammad has become a humble and trustworthy leader because he properly implements principles provided by Gandhi while taking leadership decision. As a leader, Mr. Mohammad also encourages his colleagues and students to learn regarding the principles provided by Gandhi, and he also initiate various programs to promote and teach students regarding the principles of Gandhi. Mr. Mohammads is deeply influenced by nonviolent movements started by Gandhi such as Dandi march, Satyagraha, and disobedience. As a leader, he ensures that university campus remains free from inequalities and bullying so that students can study without any disturbance. Instead, of forcing his views on students and his colleagues as a strict leader, Mr. Mohammad asks them to provide their personal views and opinions regardin specific situations. Just like Gandhi, Mr. Mohammad fast and meditate to clear his head and think clearly to take effective leadership decision and he also take appropriate actions regarding the rights of lower staff. A good leader always ensures that everyone in the organisation is treated equally and proper strategies are implemented by the management to fulfill their demands. Mr. Mohammad assesses the requirements of lower level staff and communicates such demands with the board of directors. Mr. Mohammad non-violently take actions for the rights of lower level staff members and ensure that proper actions are taken by the directors to morally fulfil such demands. According to him, organizations can benefit from the leadership style of Gandhi, and they can accomplish their corporate responsibilities while doing the same. Mr. Mohammad believes that principles provided by Mahatma Gandhi can assist in positive development of individuals, corporations, and society. Conclusion From the above observations, it can be concluded that Mahatma Gandhi was an inspiring leader who led the Indian independence movement with nonviolent principles. Gandhis actions encouraged many other political leaders to start their own movements for independence and to end racial discrimination. Even today his principles have a significant impact on the world. Gandhi had a unique leadership style incorporated many traits such as honesty, integrity, trust, self-awareness, humility, and others. Gandhi had reflected these traits while leading his movements in South Africa and India. Gandhi had implemented traits of multiple leadership styles in his journey, but mostly he was a situational leader. He took decisions as per the requirement of situations, and in conflicting situations he used his moral values and took ethical actions. He was aware of his weaknesses, and he performed actions for others benefits, like a good leader. Modern leaders follow Gandhis principles to ensure they ful fill their and companys moral responsibilities towards the development of stakeholders and society. References Ackerman, P., DuVall, J. (2000).A force more powerful: A century of non-violent conflict. St. Martins Griffin. Bligh, M. C., Robinson, J. L. (2010). Was Gandhi charismatic? Exploring the rhetorical leadership of Mahatma Gandhi.The Leadership Quarterly,21(5), 844-855. Chakrabarty, B. (2006).Social and political thought of Mahatma Gandhi. Routledge. Chua, J. (2017). Hitler Or Gandhi: Choosing Your Path In Leadership. [Online] Leaderonomics. Available at: https://leaderonomics.com/leadership/hitler-gandhi-leadership-path [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Collins, J. (2006). Level 5 leadership: The triumph of humility and fierce resolve.Harvard Business Review. Dalton, D. (2012).Mahatma Gandhi: Nonviolent power in action. Columbia University Press. De Vries, R. E., Bakker-Pieper, A., Oostenveld, W. (2010). Leadership= communication? The relations of leaders communication styles with leadership styles, knowledge sharing and leadership outcomes.Journal of business and psychology,25(3), 367-380. Gandhi, M. (2012).The essential Gandhi: an anthology of his writings on his life, work, and ideas. Vintage Books. Goleman, D. (2000). Leadership that gets results.Harvard business review,78(2), 4-17. Gregg, R. B. (2013).The power of non-violence. Read Books Ltd. Hardiman, D. (2003).Gandhi: in his Time and Ours. Orient Blackswan. Hasan, M. (2013). Mandela and the Mahatma. [Online] The Hindu. Available at: https://www.thehindu.com/opinion/op-ed/Mandela-and-the-Mahatma/article12009462.ece [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Iyer, R. N. (2000). The moral and political thought of Mahatma Gandhi. Oxford University Press. Jamaludin, Z., Rahman, N., Makhbul, Z., Idris, F. (2011). Do transactional, transformational and spiritual leadership styles distinct? A conceptual insight.Journal of global business and economics,2(1), 73-85. Johnson, R. L. (Ed.). (2005).Gandhi's experiments with truth: essential writings by and about Mahatma Gandhi. Lexington Books. Kaushik, K. (2017). Leadership Strategies from Mahatma Gandhi- The Freedom Fighter Said it All!. [Online] TheCareerMuse. Available at: https://www.thecareermuse.co.in/gandhis-leadership-strategies/ [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Khoshoo, T. N. (2002).Mahatma Gandhi: An apostle of applied human ecology. The Energy and Resources Institute (TERI). Kirkpatick, S. A., Locke, E. A. (1991). Leadership: do traits matter?.The executive,5(2), 48-60. Kotter, J. P. (1995). Leading change: Why transformation efforts fail. Harvard Business Review. Lee, L., Berger, D. H., Awad, S. S., Brandt, M. L., Martinez, G., Brunicardi, F. C. (2008). Conflict resolution: practical principles for surgeons.World Journal of surgery,32(11), 2331-2335. Low, K. C. (2010). Leading the Mahatma Gandhi Way. Leadership Organisational Management Journal, 2010 (2), 110-117. Malhotra, N. (2015). 20 Greatest World Leaders and Thinkers Who Were Inspired by Mahatma Gandhi. [Online] The Better India. Available at: https://www.thebetterindia.com/35422/20-greatest-world-leaders-and-thinkers-who-were-inspired-by-mahatma-gandhi/ [Accessed on 17/11/2017] MALO?, R. (2012). THE MOST IMPORTANT LEADERSHIP THEORIES.Annals of Eftimie Murgu University Resita, Fascicle II, Economic Studies. Marques, J. (2013). Understanding the strength of gentleness: Soft-skilled leadership on the rise.Journal of Business Ethics,116(1), 163-171. Moore, K. (2011). Two Lessons From India's Greatest Leader Gandhi. [Online] Forbes. Available at: https://www.forbes.com/sites/karlmoore/2011/08/22/2-lessons-from-indiasgreatest-leader-gandhi/#6833ea6d55ec [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Nanda, B.R. (2017). Mahatma Gandhi. [Online] Britannica. Available at: https://www.britannica.com/biography/Mahatma-Gandhi [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Parel, A. J. (2009). Gandhi:'Hind Swaraj'and Other Writings Centenary Edition. Cambridge University Press. Prasad, R. (2015).At the feet of Mahatma Gandhi. Prabhat Prakashan. Pyne, S. (2015). Top 10 Leadership lessons From Mahatma Gandhi. [Online] Business Insider. Available at: https://www.businessinsider.in/Top10-Leadership-lessons-From-Mahatma-Gandhi/articleshow/49182612.cms [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Radhakrishnan, S. (Ed.). (2015).Mahatma Gandhi. Jaico Publishing House. Rao, M. S. (2013). Soft leadership: a new direction to leadership.Industrial and Commercial Training,45(3), 143-149. Rao, N. (2013). Gandhi's 'light' guided MLK. [Online] Politico. Available at: https://www.politico.com/story/2013/03/mahatma-gandhis-lightguided-martin-luther-king-jr-088581 [Accessed on 17/11/2017] Reilly, A. H., Karounos, T. J. (2009). Exploring the link between emotional intelligence and cross-cultural leadership effectiveness.Journal of International Business and Cultural Studies,1, 1. Saravanamuthu, K. (2006). Gandhian-Vedic paradigm: Theorising sustainable development.Methodological issues in accounting research. Theories and methods, 291-338. Sharma, M. K., Jain, S. (2013). Leadership management: Principles, models and theories.Global Journal of Management and Business Studies,3(3), 309-318. Shepard, M. (2012).Gandhi Today. Simple Productions. Shridharani, K. (2016).War without violence. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan (1962). Steger, M. B. (2000).Gandhi's dilemma: nonviolent principles and nationalist power. Palgrave Macmilan US. Toor, S. U. R., Ofori, G. (2008). Tipping points that inspire leadership: An exploratory study of emergent project leaders.Engineering, Construction and Architectural Management,15(3), 212-229. Wolpert, S., Wolpert, S. A. (2002).Gandhi's passion: The life and legacy of Mahatma Gandhi. Oxford University Press.

Organ Trafficking Position Paper (Russia) Essay Sample free essay sample

Russia is a state in Northern Eurasia. bordered by the Arctic Ocean. and legion states such as China. Mongolia. and Georgia. The entire country of Russia is 17. 098. 242 square kilometres ( CIA. gov ) . doing it the largest state in the universe. The terrain of the state is â€Å"broad field with low hills west of Ural mountainss ; vast cone-bearing forest and tundra in Siberia ; highlands and mountains along southern boundary line regions† ( CIA. gov ) with a clime that ranges from humid and warm topographic points to highly cold parts changing on its location. Russia is a federation state. presently under the government of President Vladimir Putin since May 7th of 2012. and the president’s term in office is six old ages. Russia has a population of about 142. 517. 670 ( July 2012 est. . CIA. gov ) and the bulk of the population is Russian ( 79. 8 % ) with some Tatar ( 3. 8 % ) and Ukrainian ( 2 % ) . The GDP per capita is $ 17. 000 ( 2011 est. . CIA. gov ) which is ran ked 71st and the GDP per capita shows about $ 800 addition every twelvemonth since 2009 ( CIA. We will write a custom essay sample on Organ Trafficking Position Paper (Russia) Essay Sample or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page gov ) . Russia belongs to the Group of Eight alleged. G-8 and the Group of Twenty besides known as G-20. The literacy rate of the Russian Federation is 99 % . and the most widely used linguistic communication in Russian ( 81 % ) . but some people populating in distant parts of Russia speaks autochthonal linguistic communications such as Bashkir ( 1. 3 % ) and Chuvash ( 1. 3 % ) . Subject: Organ TrafficingAlong with the dramatic advancement in human organ organ transplant. fleet globalisation has caused the creative activity of a new menacing market for illegal trafficking of human variety meats. Most of these variety meats that are traded in this black-market are purchased from givers of developing states who try to unclutter their debt with the money they received for their variety meats. The clients of the variety meats normally come from developed states because the procedure of organ organ transplant is time-consuming and expensive in their place states. Of the about 66. 000 kidney grafts ( 2008 ) performed every twelvemonth. more than 60 % of the variety meats are from unrecorded givers who were non related to the patients. The delegate of Russia believes that this figure will quickly increase sing the fact that the demands for fresh variety meats are lifting at an dismaying degree. Although the Russian Federation has no grounds that organ trafficking is being conducted in Russia. since there has been about 700. 000 ( BBC ) of Russian citizens trafficked to neighbouring states. the delegate of Russia believes that there is a high possibility that Russian citizens are being victims of organ trade outside the state. Furthermore. Russia is concerned that the human trafficking reported within the boundary line will increase in the close hereafter due to the geographical location of Russia. which is surrounded by states involved profoundly in organ trafficking such as Serbia. Ukraine. Georgia. and Belarus. In add-on. due to the fact that the mean GDP growing of the states surrounding Russia is -0. 8 % per twelvemonth. ( Wolfram|Alpha. 2010 ) the delegate of Russia predicts that the offense rate around the boundary lines of the Russian Federation will increase due to miss of occupations in states surrounding Russia. ensuing in more felons trying to nobble Russian citi zens. In order to forestall the menace of organ trafficking of Russian citizens in the boundary lines. the Russian Federation is helping states such as Serbia and Kosovo in tracking down organ trade agents. Besides. the Russian Federation has been an active member province of the World Health Organization and has supported assorted declarations. including â€Å"Human Organ and Tissue Transplantation† ( WHA 57. 18 ) of May 2004 and â€Å"WHO Guiding Principles on Human Cell. Tissue. and Organ Transplantation† of May 2008. The Russian Federation has already made a statute law that requires populating givers to be over 18 and genetically related to the receiving system ( 1992 ) . Because of this statute law. paid contribution utilizing Russian givers can merely go on outside Russian boundary lines. The Russian Federation is eager to go on taking portion in farther conferences and treatments. The delegate of Russia believes even though some states like Russia are seeking to acquire rid of organ trafficking. without the sturdy attempt of the other developed states to censor importing trafficked variety meats within their ain states. it will be impossible to stop this unfairness. Developed states must form a system that would promote an addition in legal organ givers. such as the opt-out system which has been successfully introduced in several states. or reconsider and deregulate the present system on the footing of WHO guidelines. At the same clip. Torahs must be organized to penalize illegal trafficking groups in order to protect hapless ‘donors’ from being lured into the organ trade. The delegate of Russia strongly believes that developed states must set attempt in undertaking organ trafficking by back uping organ-exporting authoritiess by assisting them halt this illicit trade. and by reenforcing Torahs and amendments against importation of trafficked variety meats. Furthermore. corruptness of medical staff. constabulary. and authorities functionaries of organ-exporting states must be avoided and foreign assistance must be used efficaciously to better the lives of citizens. Russia is dying to convey an terminal to the illicit organ trade web that threatens 1000000s of lives and is confident in going a successful function theoretical account for other developed states in back uping developing states be free of organ trafficking. The delegate of Russia believes that cooperation between developed and developing states is compulsory to work out this complex job. The Russian Federation is looking frontward to a fruitful argument in the conference and hopes that this unfairness will be solved in a mode that will profit all. Bibliography â€Å"World Health Assembly Resolution WHA57. 18. † World Health Assembly. WHO. 28 May 2003. Web. 3 Sept. 2012. lt ; World Wide Web. who. int/transplantation/wha/en/ gt ; . â€Å"ABO Incompatibility in Transplants – Cedars-Sinai. † Cedars-Sinai – ANon-Profit Hospital in Los Angeles. Cedars-Sinai. n. d. Web. 4 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //cedars-sinai. edu/Patients/Programs-and-Services/Kidney-and-Pancreas-Transplant-Center/ABO-Incompatibility-and-Sensitized-Transplantation/ABO-Incompatibility-in-Transplants. aspx gt ; . BILEFSKY. DAN. â€Å"Black Market for Body Parts Spreads in Europe – NYTimes. com. † The New York Times – Breaking News. World News A ; Multimedia. The New YorkTimes. 28 July 2012. Web. 2 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. nytimes. com/2012/06/29/world/europe/black-market-for-body-parts-spreads-in-europe. hypertext markup language? _r=1 A ; pagewanted=all gt ; . â€Å"Central Intelligence Agency. † CIA- The World Factbook. CIA. 24 Aug. 2012. Web. 1 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. Central Intelligence Agency. gov/library/publications/the-world-factbook/geos/rs. hypertext markup language gt ; . â€Å"Kidney Transplant – NHS Choices. †NHS Choices – Your wellness. your picks. NHS. n. d. Web. 5 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. New Hampshire. uk/conditions/Kidney-transplant/Pages/Introduction. aspx gt ; . â€Å"Committee of Experts on Trafficing in Human Organs. Tissues and Cells. †47 Countries – 800 million citizens – Council of Europe. Council of Europe. n. d. Web. 6 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. coe. int/t/DGHL/STANDARDSETTING/CDPC/PC_TO_en. asp gt ; . â€Å"Illegal organ trade on the rise in crisis-hit Europe. † Asiaone. The New Paper. 3 Apr. 2012. Web. 1 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //news. asiaone. com/News/Latest % 2BNews/World/Story/A1Story20120703-356826. hypertext markup language gt ; . Hughes. Donna. Laura Sporcic. and Nadine Mendelsohn. â€Å"Europe – Facts on Trafficking and Prostitution. †University of Rhode Island | Think Big. We Do. . URI. n. d. Web. 3 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. uri. edu/artsci/wms/hughes Lundin. Susanne Lundin. † Organ trafficking in Eastern Europe  « balticworlds. com. † Baltic Worlds. Centre for Baltic and East European Studies ( CBEES ) Sodertorn University. Stockholm. 11 Feb. 2010. Web. 4 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //balticworlds. com/the-valuable-body-organ-trafficking-in-eastern-europe/ gt ; . â€Å"NHSBT – Organ Donation – Statistics. †NHSBT – Organ Donation – Home. NHSBT. n. d. Web. 3 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. organdonation. New Hampshire. uk:800 O’REILLY. KEVIN. â€Å"Kidney graft program would give penchant to younger patients – amednews. com. †American Medical Association. AMA. n. d. Web. 1 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. ama-assn. org/amednews/2011/03/28/prsc032 â€Å"OPTN: Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network. † OPTN: Organ Procurement and Transplantation Network. HRSA. n. d. Web. 5 Sept. 2012. hypertext transfer protocol: //optn. graft. hrsa. gov/data/ PILKERTON. CHRISTOPHER. â€Å"6 Michigan Journal of Gender A ; Law 1999-2000 Traffic Jam: Recommendations for Civil and Criminal Penalties to Control the Recent Trafficking of Women from Post-Cold War Russia. † 6 Michigan Journal of Gender A ; Law 1999-2000 Traffic Jam: Recommendations for Civil and Criminal Penalties to Control the Recent Trafficking of Women from Post-Cold War Russia. HEIN ONLINE. n. d. Web. 2 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //heinonline. org/HOL/LandingPage? collection=journals A ; handle=hein. diary â€Å"Russia. † U. S. Department of State. U. S. Department of State. 19 June 2012. Web. 2 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. province. gov/r/pa/ei/bgn/3183 â€Å"Serbia Seeks Russia’s Help in Organ Trafficking Inquiry | Russia | RIA Novosti. † RIA Novosti. RIA Novosti. 28 Jan. 2012. Web. 9 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //en. rian. ru/russia/20120128/170998 Tong. Matthew. â€Å"Overview of Renal graft. † The Hong Kong Society of Transplantation . HKST. n. d. Web. 2 Sept. 2012. lt ; hypertext transfer protocol: //www. hkst. org/the-education-corner/49-overview-of-renal-transplant. hypertext markup language gt ; .